National Program

• Identify opportunities for pharmacists to use point-of-care tests (POCT) and treatment and if needed paired with a statewide protocol (SWP) or collaborative practice agreement (CPA) in pharmacy settings.
• Describe the role of pharmacists and feedback from the general public and public health representatives on expanded roles for pharmacists.
• How pharmacy-based testing and treatment has evolved.

• Summarize the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) as they pertain to pharmacy point-of-care testing (POCT).
• Identify the basic requirements for performing Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) waived testing.
• Identify at least three good laboratory practices for preparing the laboratory or testing site to produce high quality test results.
• Select at least two good laboratory practices that ensure the right sample type is obtained from the correct patient.
• Identify at least two good laboratory practices for testing.
• Identify at least two good laboratory practices for recording and reporting results.
• Describe the process of obtaining a CLIA certificate of waiver.
• List elements of Good Laboratory Practices recommended for CLIA-waived testing sites.
• Identify useful websites offering guidance on CLIA-waived testing.
• Outline an approach to find each state’s pharmacy practice acts.

• Summarize the seven criteria used to assign a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) category for point- of-care tests (POCT).
• Describe common technology and the evolution of technology use for POCTs.
• Identify and discuss the function of the components of a lateral flow assay.
• Differentiate between competitive and sandwich lateral flow assays.
• List the ideal characteristics of a POCT.
• Define the terms used to describe test performance, including sensitivity, specificity, PPV (Positive Predictive Value) and NPV (Negative Predictive Value).
• Describe factors that can influence test performance.
• Explain how test performance influences interpretation of test results.

Respiratory infections (e.g., Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Coronavirus); Pharyngitis; Conjunctivitis

• Understand the epidemiology of the diseases/conditions listed above.
• Identify the signs and symptoms associated with the diseases/conditions listed above.
• Outline the process of screening patients to increase the probability that a patient may or may not have one of the diseases/conditions listed above.
• Construct a treatment plan for a patient identified with the diseases/conditions listed above.
• Discuss the complications associated with the diseases/conditions listed above.
• Provide a patient case, identify characteristics of individuals who may be candidates for point-of-care testing (POCT) in a community pharmacy setting versus those who require referral to a physician/provider or acute care setting.

Explain the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, nonpharmacologic treatment, pharmacologic treatment, patient counseling and special population’s considerations of the following disease states:

• Sexually Transmitted Infections (e.g., syphilis, chlamydia, and gonorrhea)
• HIV – PrEP and PEP
• Hepatitis C Virus
• Infectious mononucleosis
• Lyme Disease
• Helicobacter pylori

• Discuss characteristics of a condition that support developing chronic disease management services in a pharmacy.
• Identify CLIA-waived point-of-care tests that could be utilized for a chronic disease management service in a pharmacy.

• Discuss the value and limitations of various physical assessment procedures, including temperature, pulse, blood pressure, respiratory rate, pulse oximetry and physical inspection.
• Describe and show the procedures for conducting a systematic physical assessment and identify normal and critical findings.
• Interpret physical assessment data and recognize limitations of the data.

• Describe the basic process of specimen collection for point-of-care testing (POCT).
• Identify a patient specimen that would be appropriate for a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-waived POCT.
• Describe the technique involved for the specimen collection types discussed.

• Describe the elements required for an effective, patient focused point-of-care testing (POCT) service.
• Discuss issues related to billing insurers for POCT a by pharmacists.
• Describe considerations and preparations needed prior to performing waived testing.

• Define and summarize antimicrobial stewardship.
• Identify ways that pharmacists can practice stewardship and reduce antimicrobial resistance.
• Summarize how point-of-care testing (POCT) can reduce unnecessary antibiotic use and contribute to a pharmacy’s stewardship program.

• Understand the role and responsibilities of state and local health departments, especially as they relate to disease surveillance and reporting.
• Identify steps to develop partnerships with state and local health departments around point-of-care testing (POCT).
• Summarize the benefits and value of partnering with state and local health departments.

• Describe the impact regulatory changes have had on pharmacy-based point-of-care testing.
• Identify changes in healthcare delivery that have the potential to impact pharmacy-based point-of-care testing.

• Identify opportunities for expanding patient-centered services in the pharmacy setting, using point-of-care testing.
• Discuss the value and limitations of patient reported symptoms, medical history, and drug allergies.
• Describe and perform the following physical assessments, when appropriate to patient care: Blood Pressure, Pulse Rate, and Respiratory Rate.
• Describe and perform the following specimen collections used in point-of-care testing: Throat swab, Nasal swab.
• Apply this information to patient-specific cases based on common pharmacy-based patient interactions.